Symptoms, treatment method of trophic venous ulcer

2023 Author: Alfred Shackley | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-05-21 13:14

Disturbances in the work of the valves of the venous vessels, when blood stagnates in them, lead to the appearance of ulcerations on the skin of the lower extremities.

The growing, trophic ulcer captures all new tissues, leading to their death. The location of ulcers, scars from healing wounds on the legs is the area of the medial ankle, less often in the front of the lower leg.

The neglect of the symptom suggests the occurrence of ulcerative defects on both legs, accompanied by skin pathologies: dermatitis, eczema, erysipelas. Such consequences of venous insufficiency in our time is considered an important social problem, because in more than half of patients, trophic ulcers do not heal for a long time, reducing the quality of life of patients, causing disability and disability.

Venous trophic ulcer: the main symptoms of the disorder

The early signs of the disease include the appearance of a feeling of heaviness in one or both legs, aggravated by walking. Added to these sensations is the occurrence of cramps in the gastrocnemius muscle, often at night.

At the next stage in the development of pathology, the appearance of puffiness in the area of diseased veins is diagnosed. At first, it may subside when the limb is placed at a low height, but then the swelling becomes permanent and the skin in the affected area becomes denser, acquiring a reddish tint. And in this case, we can talk about the formation of the so-called venous swamp, when the blood in the vessels does not move, slowly seeping under the skin, which, without receiving nutrition, begins to accumulate toxins.

The color of the integument acquires a crimson tone, the patient suffers from itching, various types of dermatitis and eczema are formed. And even a small scratch that appears in this area turns, increasing, into an ulcer.

And then you can observe the healing of ulcerative wounds, and their further revival. But pathology captures the deeper layers of the epidermis, reaching the bones. And here the mobility is already impaired more often than the ankle joint, which receives arthritic inflammation.

One of the terrible consequences of venous ulceration is considered to be its degeneration into a malignant tumor, which can be determined by such signs as a large amount of putrefactive discharge from the lesion site, the appearance of a roller-like elevation of the edges of the wound, severe pain, a burning sensation.

From disorders of venous circulation to trophic ulcers

The causes of pathological processes in the veins leading to the formation of ulcerative lesions on the extremities can be different:

• Varicose disease caused by venous insufficiency leads to stagnation of blood, in which oxygen deprivation of tissues and muscles occurs. And hence the swelling, non-healing wounds;
• Organic damage to deep veins after thrombophlebitis is accompanied by changes in microcirculation, disorders in soft tissues. In such cases, even a small injury to the skin provokes the development of a trophic disorder;
• Due to constant hypothermia, wearing narrow shoes, damage to skin surfaces, trophic lesions may also appear, which are localized mainly on the heels and feet;
• For those suffering from diabetes mellitus, the appearance of ulceration on the limbs is a concomitant complication, sometimes leading to gangrene, amputation of the leg;
• High blood pressure in women over forty can cause sores on the lower leg, accompanied by severe pain;
• Ulcers, insignificant in depth, arise due to weeping eczema or furunculosis;
• Inflammatory processes of the lymph nodes lead to stagnation of lymph, which is reflected in the skin by the appearance of ulcerative wounds.

Important treatments

The therapeutic program for patients with ulcerative lesions of the extremities consists of systemic and local treatment, the use of compression hosiery, a multilayer bandage, adherence to a medical and protective regime with drainage measures.

Pharmacotherapy treatment of vascular pathology

1. The course of treatment with Diosmin will significantly reduce the symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency, relieving pain, heaviness in the legs, and swelling. Taking the drug in the amount of 600 milligrams in the morning before breakfast for six months will give a positive effect, preventing the development of ulcerative skin lesions. In combination with wearing special stockings, walking on foot, treatment with the drug will improve the patient's health much faster.
2. Actovegin, produced in the form of a solution for injection, dragee, gel, activates metabolic processes in tissues, stimulates their regeneration, successfully healing wounds. Daily injections of the drug of 250 milliliters will increase the speed of recovery. Prescribe the treatment of pills one or two before meals three times a day. The gel serves to cleanse ulcerative surfaces when applied in a thick layer to the wound, covered with a soft cloth. The dressings are changed from once a week, in advanced cases up to several times a day.
3. The antibiotic Dioxidin in the form of a one percent solution is used for local action on wounds, treating them for a month. Intravenous treatment with a drug is prescribed in a dose of not more than 70 milliliters per day. It has a bactericidal effect on various infectious pathogens that are resistant to other antibiotics.
4. To relieve pain, Diclofenac is suitable in the form of a solution for intramuscular injection, which gives a strong anti-inflammatory effect, reducing swelling on the legs.
5. Reopolyglucin is administered intravenously at a rate of up to 80 drops per minute at a dosage of two liters. The drug improves the properties of blood, its circulation, and reduces viscosity.

Treatment of trophic ulcers with folk remedies

Usually, the main difficulty in the treatment of ulcerative lesions is the low degree of wound healing, which slows down the onset of the recovery period.

And here folk medicine comes to the aid of pharmaceutical preparations.

1. Long-term non-healing ulcers are treated with tar, which is used to lubricate cotton pads, applying them to the affected area, changing to others after two days.
2. For lotions, compresses on the sore area, fresh juice of stinging nettle is used.
3. A decoction prepared from the root of the burnet (two tablespoons of raw materials per glass of boiling water) is used for a compress, for ingestion, three tablespoons three times a day.
4. Applying crumpled leaves of mother-and-stepmother to purulent wounds will relieve pain and speed up the healing process.
5. Washing the wound surface with decoctions of celandine, chamomile, calendula will cleanse the affected areas, accelerate the regeneration of new cells.

Treatments will help you recover

The use of hardware pneumocompression helps to alleviate the patient's condition, but it is indicated only with a small lesion of the skin.

To enhance the process of outflow of venous blood, it is necessary that the muscles of the lower leg work. And the myostimulator helps in this, which makes the patient move the calf muscles. And then the wound surface can be shortened by half in a month. The device is promising for the treatment of elderly patients with movement difficulties.

Vacuum therapy can improve microcirculation, accelerate the growth of healthy tissue cells. During the procedure, using a special device under a bandage applied to the ulcerative surface, negative pressure is created.

Harmful products released into the blood can be eliminated with the help of a laser device, which leads to the removal of toxins from the body, healing of the surface of the legs.

Measures to prevent the development of trophic ulcers

Having completely cured the pathology, we must try to do everything to avoid relapse. Annual preventive examinations will allow you to monitor the state of blood vessels and take timely measures to treat them.

Zones of scarring of wounds every day should be lubricated with specially prepared oil with the addition of St. John's wort, chamomile, calendula, which will restore tissue. Compression knitted underwear will help keep blood vessels in good shape, not stagnate venous blood. The daily alternation of cold and hot foot baths will make the veins, capillaries strong, and improve their working condition.

For the prevention of trophic pathologies, it is necessary to move more, wear comfortable clothes, shoes, then the vessels will remain healthy for many years.

A visit to the room of physiotherapy exercises will help in the selection of an individual complex aimed at strengthening the elasticity of the walls of blood vessels, strengthening them.

A good preventive measure is treatment at balneological resorts, where you will be prescribed a course of mud therapy to enhance vascular health.