Diet for pancreatitis

2023 Author: Alfred Shackley | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-05-21 13:14

Pancreatitis is a disease in which the pancreas becomes inflamed. It plays a huge role in the digestive system - it regulates energy metabolism, synthesizes digestive juices, and is responsible for the breakdown of carbohydrates.

Enzymes enter the stomach first, and then into the duodenum, where they begin to be activated. If the pancreas is inflamed, enzymes begin to "work" at an early stage - that is, even before excretion. Damage appears - the gland begins to digest itself, which provokes the death of some of the cells of the pancreas.

Pancreatitis can be caused by:

• infectious diseases not associated with the digestive system - for example, seasonal ARVI;
• diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
• improper nutrition;
• stress;
• alcohol abuse.

Pancreatitis can develop in several forms - acute, reactive and chronic. In acute pancreas, it can become inflamed completely or in parts, the reactive one develops against the background of diseases of the digestive system - gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, gallbladder or liver.

The chronic form can be in remission for a long time, and most often the disease progresses slowly. In most cases, inflammation reappears when the diet is disturbed.

The nature of the diet in pancreatic pancreatitis plays a huge role - it is impossible to prevent an exacerbation without adhering to a special diet. What are these diets, and what are the principles of the menu for pancreatitis?

Principles of nutrition for inflammation of the pancreas

The main principle that is laid down in the preparation of a diet in which the work of the pancreas is normalized is to minimize the load on the digestive organ as much as possible.

For adults during an exacerbation, doctors give the following recommendations - "hunger, cold and peace." If the patient is in the hospital and pancreatitis is in the acute stage, then he is advised to refuse food for 2-3 days, and useful substances - salts and liquid - enter the body drip. If you starve at home, then it is impossible to fully ensure the rate of water and electrolyte balance. You should and can drink, but only in small portions.

Even adults need to replenish their reserves of nutrients. Specially designed diets come to the rescue. The most "proven" of them is table No. 5 according to Pevzner.

The principles of this diet:

• create the most gentle conditions for the stomach and intestines - using mechanical and chemical unloading;
• eliminate pancreatic dysfunction;
• prevent negative changes in liver tissue - fatty infiltration;
• reduce the excitability of the gallbladder.

The diet should be followed not only during the treatment of the disease, but also for another year after bringing it into remission.

The main properties of the diet in the treatment of pancreatitis:

In the daily daily menu, you should limit the number of products that contain substances that have an extractive effect - stimulating the production of pancreatic enzymes:

1. refractory fats;
2. purines;
3. essential oils;
4. cholesterol;
5. coarse fiber;
6. glucose.

• The nature of the diet - foods with a high protein content, reduce the amount of carbohydrates and fats.
• Cooking technology - cooking, steam dishes, baking in foil, stewing.
• Fractional meals - up to 6 times a day, in small portions. You need to get up from the table with a slight feeling of malnutrition, so as not to overload the pancreas.
• The first time after an exacerbation, you can only eat pureed foods.
• Seasonings - including salt - will have to be temporarily abandoned;
• You can not eat hot and cold food, the food should be warmed up to about a body temperature of 36 ° C.

The drinking regime is limited. You can drink as much as you want only when the urge to vomit has completely subsided.

There is no need to be intimidated by dietary restrictions in the first days after an attack - fasting during treatment is only useful.

Diet menu for pancreatitis

When composing a menu for several days with an exacerbation of pancreatitis, you need to immediately take into account its features - the products need to be rubbed. For example, if meat - then soufflé or meatballs, potatoes - mashed potatoes, and so on …

The menu is made up of the following products - an approximate list of them:

• baby food - you can use both what is packaged in jars, and in powder, which is further diluted with liquid;
• mashed potatoes, from cauliflower or white cabbage;
• pureed cottage cheese.

The proportions of nutrients in the daily menu - fats - 50-70 g, proteins - 130-150 g, carbohydrates - 300-320 g.

Approximately 2-4 days after the exacerbation, nausea disappears, and it is necessary to restore the amount of fluid in the body. You need to drink about 1.5 liters of water per day, in small sips, a glass every 6 hours. More "heavy" dishes are introduced into the diet gradually, after the elimination of pain, one name for each meal.

From this time - about 4 days - the menu includes the following dishes and products:

• kefir - only low-fat;
• chicken breast broth;
• protein omelet;
• juices from non-acidic berries, which are diluted with half water;
• rosehip broth;
• up to about 30 g of honey per day;
• dried bread made from wholemeal flour;
• unsweetened crackers or biscuits;
• boiled pasta - you cannot use pasta or curls, preference should be given to small vermicelli;
• porridge is rubbed through a sieve, with pancreatitis, they can be cooked from buckwheat, oatmeal (some nutritionists allow eating semolina, but it must be cooked completely so that it does not swell in the stomach).

You can eat the following foods:

• lean meat - chicken breast, beef, rabbit meat;
• fish - boiled, while you can only use meat, fish soup and other soups in fish broth cannot be eaten;
• fruits - baked or blanched;
• meat broth - secondary;
• pureed vegetables - broccoli, cauliflower, pumpkin.

The nature of the diet for pancreatitis depends on the general condition of the patient.

How does the nature of nutrition change with pancreatitis

An approximate diet menu in the first days after an exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis looks like this:

1 day:

• breakfast - half a serving of slimy oatmeal soup and half a glass of still mineral water;
• snack - baked apple without peel and sugar;
• lunch - mashed potatoes - also half a portion - with milk, without any spices;
• afternoon tea - jelly and rusk flour;
• dinner - buckwheat porridge with weak tea, bleached milk;
• going to bed - a little milk diluted with water.

2nd day:

• breakfast - steamed protein omelet, chamomile broth;
• snack - baked pear;
• lunch - pearl barley soup, grated on water, crouton with compote;
• afternoon tea - milk soufflé;
• dinner - semolina porridge, mashed dried fruits, weak tea;
• going to bed - half a glass of rosehip broth.

Further, the diet can be slightly weakened - if the condition has returned to normal.

• breakfast - oatmeal with dried fruits, preferably with raisins, rosehip broth;
• snack - raw banana;
• lunch - steamed fish with carrot puree, dried fruit compote;
• afternoon tea - cottage cheese seasoned with honey;
• dinner - milk rice porridge with weak tea;
• going to bed - half a glass of diluted milk.

The diet for chronic pancreatitis, when the condition has returned to normal, may already look like this - an approximate version of the daily menu:

• breakfast - vegetable puree, a piece of meat soufflé, juice diluted with water, weak tea;
• snack - protein omelet, steamed chicken breast cutlet, a slice of dried bread, kefir;
• lunch - small vermicelli on chicken breast broth, boiled vegetables with a piece of steamed fish, bread, dried fruit compote;
• afternoon snack - crackers with sweet berry jelly, you can have a little honey;
• dinner - steamed meatballs, rice porridge (or mashed potatoes), stewed vegetables, tea.

If you feel like eating before going to bed, you can eat a cracker, sweet fruit, drink a glass of kefir.

A well-designed menu in the treatment of pancreatitis will help to quickly bring the disease into remission. The diet should be followed for a year after the last exacerbation.