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2023 Author: Alfred Shackley | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-05-21 13:14
The female body is quite fragile, so it often has problems with the genitourinary system. One of the most common ovarian diseases is polycystic disease. What is this disease? Let's figure it out together.
What is pathology
Normally, the female body has two ovaries.
They perform very important functions on which the normal functioning of the female reproductive system depends:
- endocrine function - responsible for the production of hormones estrogen and progesterone. They prepare the uterus for the attachment of the ovum at conception. The ovaries also produce testosterone and androgen, which are male hormones.
- degenerative function - is responsible for the normal development and growth of follicles, from which the egg then leaves.
Polycystic disease is a disease associated with hormonal disorders in the body. Often occurs in women of reproductive age.
With it, ovulation in the female body does not occur. The ovaries themselves increase in size, a large number of cysts are formed inside them, located along the edges of the organ.
Often, those who suffer from this disease have increased weight, increased body hair growth, and the appearance of acne. The inability to conceive a child is a common symptom of illness.
What are the causes of the development of the disease
The causes of polycystic disease can be different, however, doctors and scientists still cannot identify more accurate causes of cysts inside this organ.
There are several basic assumptions as to why the disease develops.
- Hormonal disturbance. Violation of the production of luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormones (LH and FSH). They are responsible for the normal development and growth of follicles, which, having reached a certain size, rupture, and ovulation occurs. If the pituitary gland and hypothalamus fail, the production of these hormones is disturbed.
- Great weight. Insulin controls the amount of glucose and regulates muscle and adipose tissue. If insulin resistance develops inside the body, then it becomes unable to control glucose levels. As a result, the woman begins to gain excess weight. The body tries to fight this and produces even more insulin. As a result, LH levels rise, along with the growth of male hormones. And this leads to increased growth of follicles, which cannot rupture and release the egg. If not treated in time, diabetes mellitus may develop.
- Excessive amount of androgens. During puberty, a hormonal disruption may occur. With it, androgens can be produced in large quantities. Over time, they are converted to estrogens. They are able to provoke a large growth of follicles. Ultimately, cysts develop inside the ovaries.
The main symptoms of polycystic disease
Each woman may have her own symptoms of the disease. The most common sign of cysts is menstrual problems and irregularities.
Violation may consist in the absence of menstruation for more than 4 months, the presence of scanty or too abundant discharge. The presence of no more than 8 cycles per year can also be considered a violation.
With the production of a large amount of androgens, more vegetation appears on the body, acne. Many cysts form on the ovaries. Another important sign of this disease is the inability to conceive a child (infertility) due to the lack of ovulation or a rare menstrual cycle.
Overweight is another major symptom. Diabetes or prediabetes is also common. The skin becomes rough, darkens under the armpits, in the back of the head, in the groin and on the inner thighs. Treatment for polycystic ovary disease will depend on the symptoms.
Diagnostics
To establish such a diagnosis, it is necessary to exclude other diseases that can provoke infertility. An increase in the amount of male hormones may be due to improper functioning of the adrenal glands or due to the presence of a tumor on the ovary. If there are no such diseases, the doctor examines the patient on a chair.
Diagnosis of polycystic disease necessarily includes an ultrasound examination. A laboratory analysis for hormones is also done to see what state the hormonal background is in. A blood test is taken, it is done several times on certain days of menstruation. These days are celebrated only by the attending physician.
An accurate diagnosis is made in the presence of ultrasound results, laboratory tests. All the patient's symptoms are taken into account, that is, the clinical picture of the development of the disease. One of the most effective diagnostic methods is the laparoscopy method. The advantage of this method is that if a pathology is detected, an immediate correction can be carried out immediately.
Treatment methods
This disease is treatable if its form is not too advanced. It is important to undergo a timely examination for the appointment of further therapy. Only in this case the risk of complications is halved. The choice of method will depend on the patient's age, whether she has children and the stage of the disease.
For those who are overweight, diet food is immediately prescribed, because it significantly affects hormonal levels. Those who have problems with conceiving a child are prescribed appropriate therapy.
Conservative method
Medicines are prescribed when a woman does not plan to have children in the near future. The doctor prescribes combined oral contraceptives, they slow down the work of the organ and reduce the production of male hormones.
As a result of taking these drugs, the cycle is normalized, acne disappears, and the growth of hair on the body slows down. It is possible to treat polycystic ovary with hormonal drugs.
In addition, physiotherapy procedures are prescribed, they dissolve adhesions and dense capsules near the organ. The prognosis after the conservative method is favorable, but you should not expect an immediate result.
Treatment of polycystic ovaries using "Duphaston"
To regulate the cycle, the doctor may prescribe gestagens - these are natural progesterone preparations - "Dyufaston", "Utrozhestan", "Krainon". Treatment with "Duphaston" is prescribed to regulate the cycle. When taking this drug, the endometrium is rejected, the cycle is normalized.
It can be prescribed during the period of "interesting position" to maintain and maintain pregnancy. Therapeutic therapy with hormones has a positive effect, however, it does not relieve cysts.
Treatment of polycystic ovary disease with homeopathy
Homeopathic remedies are prescribed by a homeopathic doctor, taking into account the symptoms of the disease and the characteristics of the patient's body. It is possible to normalize the work of the organ with the drug "Apis". When pain is prescribed "Berberis". If, in addition to cysts, there is also uterine fibroids, they can prescribe "Aurum Iodine". "Aurum Metallicum" is prescribed if there are complications in the form of hypertension. Homeopathy treatment is also an additional therapy to the main course. Additionally, the doctor may prescribe "Likopid" and "Lauroceraz". The treatment course is carried out under the supervision of a physician.
Surgical method
If the conservative method did not give any results, then they resort to surgery. Usually laparoscopy is done, ovarian incisions are performed, or wedge resection and demedulation are performed. When a dense capsule ruptures, cysts disappear, and conception can occur already in the next cycle.
Sometimes a laparotomy can be done. With it, a dissection of the lower abdominal cavity is made. Complications can be in the form of adhesions.
Treatment of polycystic ovaries with folk remedies
As for traditional medicine, before you start drinking various decoctions and tinctures, you need to consult a doctor so as not to harm yourself. Folk recipes can be used, but only as an addition to the main course of therapy, it is prescribed only by a doctor.
After the operation, the doctor often prescribes douching using herbal decoctions: chamomile, calendula.
Polycystic disease is a rather serious disease that causes complications in the form of infertility. It is treated mainly with a surgical method, because it is more effective. But they often resort to the conservative method with the use of hormonal drugs.