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2023 Author: Alfred Shackley | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-05-21 13:14
Diseases of the urinary system and genitals are very often troubling the sexually mature population. The situation is complicated by the fact that many of the diseases are transmitted during sexual intercourse, recur and become chronic.
Each of these ailments has its own pathogens, special symptoms, as well as a certain scheme of diagnosis and treatment. One of the most common diseases of the urinary system and genitals is ureaplasmosis.
Ureaplasmosis
The causative agent of this disease is the microorganism ureaplasma. The microbe parasitizes on the mucous membranes of the urinary system.
It can be transmitted in several ways:
- During sexual intercourse - the most common way;
- In a domestic environment;
- At birth from an infected mother, etc.
This disease affects both women and men, and can also have a negative effect on a person of any age.
Very often people do not even suspect that they are carriers of ureaplasmosis, since the microbe does not manifest itself for a long period of time. The catalyst for the development of the disease itself can be a sharp decrease in immunity, the occurrence of concomitant diseases, etc.
Complications
If the number of microbes in the human body is insignificant, then, as a rule, the doctor does not prescribe treatment. If the disease has turned into an acute form, then it is impossible to hesitate with response measures, since ureaplasmosis can lead to infertility in both sexes, and is also the cause of the development of many concomitant diseases, both in women and men.
Compulsory treatment is prescribed to women who are planning a pregnancy, or directly to pregnant women, in order to exclude a high likelihood of developing pathologies.
Diagnostics
It is carried out only by an experienced specialist in laboratory conditions - bacteriological inoculation is examined.
On external examination, you can notice the main symptoms of the manifestation of the disease, but this is not enough to make the correct diagnosis.
Research objectives
A bacteriological study is carried out in order to:
- identify the causative agent of the disease;
- detect the presence of possible concomitant diseases;
- prescribe the correct treatment that will help fight all problems of the genitourinary system;
- carry out a preventive examination routinely or after the end of treatment.
Direction to bakseeding
The doctor may issue a referral to conduct a bacteriological culture study in several cases:
- During the examination, if a woman is planning a pregnancy;
- When a disease is detected in a sexual partner;
- With frequent promiscuous sexual intercourse;
- During pregnancy problems - miscarriages, premature birth, ectopic pregnancy;
- During the course of a therapeutic course of treatment, as well as a month after its completion.
What is bacterial culture?
In other words, bacterial culture is called a culture study, which is carried out in laboratory conditions in order to determine the causative agent of the disease, its type, and find out its sensitivity to antibiotics.
For this, an antibioticogram is additionally prescribed. The fact is that frequent treatment with drugs and the individual characteristics of the body lead to the fact that bacteria can lose sensitivity to many drugs, so the treatment carried out will not improve the patient's condition. In the course of the analysis, a bacterial culture taken from a person is placed in a special medium, nutrient for bacteria. If the test is positive, the microbes will begin to multiply. By the number of colonies, the degree of concentration of ureaplasma in the human body is determined, and the colonies themselves are used to conduct an antibioticogram.
They are placed on a nutrient medium containing certain antibacterial agents. Their behavior determines the sensitivity to each group of drugs.
The growth of bacteria is carried out within three days, so the results of the analysis can be obtained no earlier than 3-5 days.
Sowing preparation
The reliability of the results obtained during the study depends on how correctly the preparation for the analysis was carried out.
In order for the study of bacterial sowing to give correct results, it is necessary to adhere to the following rules:
- Antibiotics, antifungal medications, and antiseptics should not be taken 2 days before the test. If this rule has not been observed, then it is worth informing the doctor who takes the analysis;
- Approximately 2-3 hours before taking the test, the bladder should not be emptied;
- Women should be tested only a week after the start of the menstrual cycle, since during menstruation, the acidic environment of the inner vaginal area changes and may fall outside the normal range.
Sowing
In men and women, the procedure for collecting biological material is different due to the peculiarities of physiology.
In women, it is carried out:
- scraping the mucous membranes of the vagina;
- scraping of the cervical canal;
- scraping the urethra.
In men, it is carried out:
- scraping of the mucous membranes of the urethra;
- analysis of the state of the ejaculate.
Both men and women additionally pass urine tests.
Research results
Any research results include an indication of the presence of ureaplasma in the test material, as well as the number of colonies and their behavior. If microbes are found in the culture, then the CFU value is indicated - colony-forming units, which determines the carriage or ureaplasmosis.
A negative result indicates that everything is normal - this microbe does not exist in the human body, it is not sick with ureaplasmosis and is not a carrier of infection.
A positive result with a CFU of 10,000 or less indicates that a person is a carrier of ureaplasma, but their condition is not active, therefore, additional studies on antibiotic sensitivity cannot be carried out. In this case, treatment is prescribed only when planning pregnancy or in conjunction with the treatment of another disease.
A positive result with a CFU coefficient exceeding 10,000 indicates the presence of an inflammatory process. Additionally, an antibiotic susceptibility test is carried out. With such results, the doctor prescribes a comprehensive treatment for the disease.
Ureaplasmosis is most often sexually transmitted, therefore, the natural prevention of the disease is protected sex and the absence of promiscuous sexual intercourse. In the presence of a permanent healthy sexual partner, it is almost impossible to become infected with ureaplasmosis.
If the disease is found in one of the partners, then both need to undergo treatment, since the risk of re-infection is very high.
In any case, with this disease, self-medication must be completely excluded, since microbes have no sensitivity to many medications.