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2023 Author: Alfred Shackley | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-05-21 13:14
Why does a child have acne on his face? The baby's immune system is not sufficiently developed and therefore is not able to fight some types of infectious pathogens of skin diseases. The appearance of acne on the face can also be caused by hypersensitivity of the skin or its tendency to allergic reactions.
The main causes of rash formation
If a child has small pimples on the face, it is advisable to first establish the main cause of their occurrence.
As a rule, dermatological problems in infancy and adolescence appear for the following reasons:
- Hormonal crisis. Pimples are caused by malfunctions of the endocrine system, which affects the functioning of the sebaceous glands. Lack or excess of natural fat in the epidermis provokes the appearance of small acne with a reddish halo;
- Infectious diseases. Many types of diseases provoke malfunctioning of the sebaceous-hair apparatus, which leads to the formation of inflammation in the skin;
- Contamination of the skin. Failure to observe hygiene contributes to the clogging of pores in the dermis, which inevitably leads to irritation and inflammation, as a result of which abscesses, comedones and other types of acne are formed;
- Insect bites. Bites of some types of mosquitoes provoke an allergic reaction or inflammation in the dermis in a child, which causes small pimples on the face;
- Dysbacteriosis. Often a child develops a rash due to dysbiosis and general intoxication of the body;
- Allergic reaction. Due to increased sensitivity of the skin, the introduction of complementary foods and other allergens on the face, a rash in the form of whiteheads or even pustules may occur;
- Puberty. During puberty, there are jumps in the level of hormones in the blood, which negatively affects the work of the sebaceous glands and the state of the dermis.
If a child suddenly has acne on his face, and you cannot figure out the reason for their appearance on your own, be sure to contact a pediatrician or dermatologist. In some cases, a skin rash indicates the presence of serious enough health problems and the lack of adequate treatment can only aggravate the child's condition.
The main types of acne in children
Pimples on the face of a child can occur under the influence of various factors, which affects the nature of their manifestation and, accordingly, the method of treatment. To save a baby from a dermatological problem, you need to decide on the type of rash.
In most cases, babies develop the following types of acne:
White - skin rashes of a white or yellowish tint, around which reddish spots sometimes appear, caused by tissue inflammation
A child often has these types of white pimples on his face:
- Milium. Small acne appears due to the immaturity of the sebaceous glands, as a result of which natural fat does not come out to the surface of the skin, but remains in the ducts;
- Zhiroviki. They occur mainly in infants against the background of hormonal disruptions caused by an excess of estrol in the placenta.
Red - pimples that form due to inflammation of the hair follicles or the inner layers of the epidermis
As a rule, in children, red acne appears due to infectious diseases, such as:
- measles and scarlet fever;
- seborrheic dermatitis and Ritter's disease;
- rubella and baby roseola;
- chickenpox and enterovirus infections.
Some types of acne appear as early as adolescence.
These include:
- Comedones are black pimples on the face that form when the pores of the skin are blocked by dirt and natural oils. In a child, they appear, as a rule, at the age of 11-12 years;
- Papules are small red pimples that often appear due to pathogens getting into comedones;
- Pustules - purulent formations on the face with an open purulent head, appearing as a result of the development of pathogenic flora in the dermis;
- Cysts are very dense subcutaneous abscesses that tend to merge. When several cysts appear in one place, after a while they form one large abscess.
To eliminate pimples, it is very important to determine its type. Some are provoked by non-infectious factors and therefore do not require drug treatment, while others can be eliminated only with antibiotics or antiviral agents.
Treatments for rashes
As it turned out, pimples on the face can signal the development of serious health problems or banal disruptions in metabolic processes. To find out exactly what reason provoked the onset of the disease, you need to seek help from a specialist.
Only a dermatologist will be able to prescribe an adequate and effective treatment, which depends on the following indicators:
- provoking factor (infectious or non-infectious);
- the severity of acne on the face;
- the presence of complications;
- the age of the child.
Treatment methods can be divided into several areas, namely:
- Medication - relevant for the development of an inflammatory process in the tissues, provoked by infectious diseases or allergens. To combat acne in a child, antiviral, antihistamines or antimicrobial agents are used;
- Hardware - best suited for treating a child under the age of three to four years, when taking medications can still damage health;
- The alternative is to use non-synthetic plant-based products. Medicinal plants such as calendula, St. John's wort, chamomile and other herbs that have anti-inflammatory and disinfectant properties are suitable for treating pimples.
Preventing rashes
According to many pediatricians, pimples in babies often occur due to untimely hygiene procedures. Because of this, the pores of the skin become clogged with dirt and begin to inflame, which leads to the formation of small pimples.
To significantly reduce the risk of pimples on the face, doctors recommend following these simple rules:
- Regularly bathe your child in a bathtub with herbal decoctions;
- Ventilate the room at least twice a day;
- Provide the child with a nutritious diet, enriched with vitamins;
- Make face wash using chamomile broth;
- Use only hypoallergenic powder for washing clothes.
Acne in a child appears due to exposure to pathogens, endogenous disorders in the work of internal organs and systems, or external factors (allergens). To eliminate pimples, first of all, you need to make an appointment with a pediatrician who can choose the best course of treatment.