Treatment of arthrosis of the knee joint: injections

2023 Author: Alfred Shackley | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-05-21 13:14

Treatment of arthrosis of the knee joint usually takes a long way before the doctor prescribes injections. There may be several factors. This is the degree of development of the disease, the degree of pain syndrome, different features of the course of the disease, and so on.

But there is a basic "set", the drugs of which are divided into 2 groups - these are corticosteroids and drugs with hyaluronic acid.

Corticosteroids

This group of drugs has a strong anti-inflammatory effect. Therefore, injection into the knee joint will reduce inflammation, relieve pain and improve mobility.

Kenalog. The active ingredient is triamcinolone. Injections are administered inside the joint for arthritis, arthrosis, as well as for blockade of joints in case of violation of the joint capsule. The drug is administered both intravenously and intramuscularly. The dosage and course of treatment is prescribed by the doctor. Like all corticosteroids, Kenalog has a long list of side effects, including sleep disturbances, anxiety, acne, and weight gain.

Children under 6 years of age are not prescribed injections, and the medication should not be taken by patients with diabetes mellitus, stomach ulcers, or taking anticoagulants.

Diprospan. The active ingredients in the composition are betamezone dipropionate, betamethasone sodium phosphate. It is used for rheumatism, arthritis, arthrosis and other diseases of an allergic, inflammatory nature. The dose depends on the disease and its severity, the doctor prescribes. Of the side effects, the drug can cause intestinal disorders, depression, and metabolic deterioration. Intra-articular use cannot be used if the patient has periarticular infections, an unstable joint.

Hydrocotrizone. The active ingredient of the same name. It is administered intramuscularly and intraarticularly. This drug is in a sense universal, since it has different uses. Among them: problems with the adrenal glands, which are characterized by allergic reactions, inflammation, also peptic ulcers, and diseases that require anti-shock treatment. There are also a lot of side effects, so the dosage and application is carried out under the supervision of doctors. Contraindications for the use of the drug are hypertension, pregnancy, open tuberculosis.

Flosterone. The drug contains hormones of the adrenal cortex, as well as their analogs, therefore it is a combined medication. It has antirheumatic, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic effects. It is injected intramuscularly, intraarticularly and into the surrounding tissues. Treatment with this medicine is indicated for severe chronic conditions of the patient with rheumatoid diseases, intestinal diseases, allergic ones, such as bronchial asthma. The dosage is prescribed by the doctor. Side effects include increased body weight, nerves, and edema. You can not use the medication for tuberculosis, stomach ulcers, infections in the body.

Celeston. The main substance is betamethasone. It has anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic and antipruritic effects. Intramuscularly or intravenously injected in case of shock of the patient, cerebral edema, tetanus. The dosage and course of treatment is prescribed by a doctor and carried out under appropriate supervision.

With intra-articular administration, a side effect may occur - an increase in pain syndrome in arthrosis, arthritis. Unfortunately, this is not the only side effect of this medication, but there is a whole list, so the treatment should be under the supervision of doctors.

Hyaluronic acid

Hyaluronic acid is considered the best ingredient in various drugs or cosmetics that are aimed at restoring fluid in cells, nutrition, viscosity of the intra-articular fluid, and also for moisturizing.

Injections for arthrosis of the knee joint containing hyaluronic acid are not used as often as corticosteroids. And they are quite expensive, but they still have some advantages.

Synvisc. It is a sterile, pyrogen-free, viscoelastic liquid that contains derivatives of hyaluronic acid.

Replenishes knee fluid - synovial fluid. Injections are effective at all stages of joint damage in arthrosis or arthritis. Contraindicated in people with problems with lymphatic or venous stasis in the joint area. The drug is administered only by specialists, as it requires a specific procedure (removal of synovial fluid).

Fermatron. Injections are used to improve the fluid quality of the knee or other joint for arthrosis or arthritis. Prescribed for arthrosis. Fermatron relieves pain and helps relieve inflammation. Knee injections are given several times, but with an interval of 1 week. The course is prescribed by the doctor. Designed only for insertion into the joint. Of the contraindications, it has intolerance to the components of the drug.

Ostenil. The composition is similar to Synvisc. Used for intra-articular injection for arthrosis or arthritis of the knee. Cannot be used by people who have hypersensitivity to the components of the drug. Among the side effects, there may be an increase in pain at the injection site, an increased temperature in the area of the affected joint.

Gyastat. Injections with this medication are administered only inside the joint. Applicable for any degree of arthrosis of the knee joint. Treatment with Giastat is carried out under the supervision of a physician. Injections can be repeated no earlier than after 1 week. Not compatible with other drugs that are injected into the articular cavity. In case of inflammation, it is impossible to inject, and injections are contraindicated in hemoarthrosis and synovitis.

Advantages and disadvantages

Injections into the articular cavity always work faster than oral treatment. But there are also risks, such as contracting an infection. But, of course, if the doctor gives injections in the appropriate manipulation room, then the risk is very small.

Treatment with corticosteroids can cause a number of side effects: facial flushing (redness from blood flow from the vessels of this area), which lasts for a long time, allergic reactions, a temporary exacerbation of the disease, which can last for several days. The last side nuisance is removed with the help of analgesics.

Corticosteroid treatment is dangerous for people who have a history of rather poorly controlled diabetes mellitus, since this group of drugs increases blood sugar levels.

Treatment with hyaluronic acid medication can cause increased swelling and pain as side effects. Therefore, doctors often prescribe bed rest for 2 days after the injection. Just like corticosteroids, hyaluronic acid medications should not be injected into an infected joint.

Also, both types of drugs thin the blood, which contributes to the appearance of bleeding. If the patient has a danger of this phenomenon, then the administration of medications is quite dangerous.